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Danny Baker Why are Raymond Williams' discussions around culture relevant to the area of media theory? Raymond Williams (1921-1988) was a Marxist theorist who concentrated on setting up cultural frameworks in order to investigate his theories. His discussions broke away from the Marxist's focus on economics, believing that it inadequately accounted for contemporary culture, which he said was categorised by cultural exchanges. Williams developed the idea of 'cultural materialism' in a series of books including - "Culture and Society" (1958), "The Long Revolution" (1961), and "Marxism and Literature" (1977). Cultural Materialism relates to the 'Infrastructure', also known as the 'base structure', which according to Williams contained figures of authority such as the government and people at the heart of the economy, and the 'Superstructure', containing the more cultural aspects of life such as the arts, entertainment, and education. According to Williams the superstructure was determined by the infrastructure, or in other words the things...

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