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Control of Arterial Blood Pressure and Factors Affecting it.
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Control of Arterial Blood Pressure and Factors Affecting it The mean arterial pressure is the average pressure during a given cardiac cycle that exists in the aorta and its major branches. It is dependent on cardiac output and peripheral resistance. The systolic pressure is the peak value, at about 120 mm Hg, and this falls to a minimum value of about 70 mm Hg in the diastolic pressure. The pulse pressure is the difference between these two values. The pressure falls only very slightly in the large and medium sized arteries, but the main sites of peripheral resistance are the small arteries and arterioles, and here the blood pressure falls rapidly. Pulse pressure at the ends of the arterioles is about five mm Hg. Obviously, the magnitude of this drop depends on the vasoconstriction or vasodilation of the arterioles. Gravity affects blood pressure, increasing the pressure in a vessel below the...
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