Anatomical Pathology - lecture 2Aetiology: the cause of disease Pathogenesis: the course of disease

... Anatomical Pathology - lecture 2 * Aetiology: the cause of disease * Pathogenesis: the course of disease * Aetiological factors: 33% external causes acquired Environment, chemicals (toxins & drugs), micro-organisms. 66% host causes predisposition Age, sex, nutrition, constitution, hormones and genetics * Aetiological factor classification: i. Congenital (born with) ii. Trauma iii. Inflammation iv. Neoplastic (new growth) v. Homeostatic disturbance eg dehydration vi. Nutrients * Injury is caused by forces which can be physical, chemical or organismal * Inflammation: a sequence of changes in living injured tissue: providing the injury is not severe enough to destroy the tissue immediately. (response of living tissue to injury) * Atrophy: wasting or diminution in all sizes of an organ or tissue seen as a decrease in number of cells in that organ or tissue * Hypertrophy: an enlargement of an organ or part of an organ due to an increase in size of the cells. eg muscle build up (irregular nuclei, build up everything but not

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