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Instrument Calibration Introduction A new device that measures the concentration of fluorescence requires calibration. The device is calibrated using the calibration line, method of least square estimation can be used to estimate the parameters ? and ? and the validity of the estimates using measurement readings from observed data. The following are the measurements of fluorescence y, of a substance, A, in known concentrations x in ?g/m3, using the new device. Fluorescence (y) 1.0 8.0 16.0 24.0 32.0 38.0 Concentration (x) 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 Description of Data The fluorescence (y) of a substance, A and its concentration (x) has a linear relationship, where concentration (x) increases as fluorescence (y) of the substance increases. A linear model will be fitted to the observed data. The model is as follows: Straight-line regression 1. Fluorescence (y) is the dependent variable 2. Concentration (x) is called the regressor variable. 1, 2, ... , n here = e = Error ei is the error in the ith...

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