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The jury1 is a sworn body of persons convened to render a rational, impartial verdict and a finding of fact on a legal question officially submitted to them, or to set a penalty or judgment in a jury trial of a court of law. The word "jury" originates in Latin, from "juris"-law and also derived from the French jurer, which means "to swear an oath." The English jury has its roots in two institutions that date from before the Norman Conquest2 in 1066. The inquest, as a means of settling a fact, had developed in Scandanavia and the Carolingian Empire while Anglo-Saxon law3 had used a "jury of accusation" to establish the strength of the allegation against a criminal suspect. In the latter case, the jury was not a trier of fact. If the accusation was seen as posing a case to answer, guilt or innocence were established...

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