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Tom Pacey What, if any, is the justification for inchoate offences? Inchohate offences seek to punish those who attempt to perform or promote a criminal act. Their main justification lies in their preventative capacity; if harm may arise from someone's actions, it is right for them to be lawfully restrained. Moreover, the simple fact that actual harm is missing should not preclude legal sanctions for malevolent behavior. Simester and Sullivan refer to "consequentialist" and "retributivist" justifications. The first is a view that society's need to control dangerous people and thereby protect the interests of the innocent from violation justifies inchohate offences. The second argues that if someone tries to harm another, a failure to inflict the harm intended does not mean they should be exempt from condemnation. These justifications appear satisfactory regarding attempts. If D tries to shoot V with intent but fails then he is a dangerous, morally reprehensible person and should...

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