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LAW COURSE WORK. LAY MAGISTRATE (JP) History The office of the justice of the peace is very old, dating back to the twelfth century at least. In 1195 Richard 1 appointed 'keepers of the peace'. By the mid-thirteenth century the judicial side of their position had developed and by 1361 the title justice of the peace was being used. Over the years they were also given many administrative duties, for example, being responsible for the poor law, highways and bridges, and weights and measures. In the nineteenth century elected local authorities took over most of these duties, though some remnants remain, especially in the licensing powers of the magistrates' courts. Qualification In 1998, the Lord Chancellor set out six key qualities which candidates should have. They are; good character, understanding and communication, social awareness, maturity and sound temperament, commitment and reliability. They must have certain 'judicial' qualities. It is particularly important that they are able...

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