Largely as a result of the women's movement, violence against women has become a prominent social issue in recent years.
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Largely as a result of the women's movement, violence against women has become a prominent social issue in recent years. However, in the past, many more victims "suffered in silence" because of long-standing cultural beliefs and legal practices that served to condone and reinforce the legitimacy of male violence against women. For example, violence against women within marriage was viewed as a private matter rather than a public issue; sexual or physical attacks by a man known to the victim were regarded as less serious than violence perpetrated by a stranger; and the legal system frequently treated victims of wife abuse and sexual assault as somehow responsible for their victimization.1 Our cultural beliefs, social conventions, and major social institutions-law, politics, and religion-have all emerged from a tradition that asserts the inherent superiority of men over women-and hence the right of men to dominate women. Like all other major social institutions,...


