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Criminal Court. The Magistrates Court is the lowest tier of criminal court in England and Wales, dealing with about ninety-eight per cent of all criminal cases. Almost all cases are tried by Justices of the Peace (JPs). They are appointed by the Lord Chancellor for the Crown, on the recommendation of local committees. Potential JPs are nominated on the basis of their judgment and character or can apply to advertisements in local newspapers. To qualify you must be between 18 and 65 years old and live within 15 miles of the court; hence they come from a wide variety of backgrounds. JPs are not professionally qualified, nor are they paid, but they are assisted by professional clerks, who are fully qualified lawyers. The Magistrates Commission Committees are responsible for providing training under the supervision of the Judicial Studies Board. The Training is to familiarise them with court procedure, techniques of chairing...

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