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Saussure At various points in the 'Cours de linguistique', Saussure draws a comparison between language and the game of Chess. What aspects of language (and which of the Saussurean dichotomies) does this analogy serve to highlight? What kinds of games other than Chess can be used to illustrate aspects of language use? Ferdinand de Saussure, born in 1857, was a pioneer of 'present-day' linguistics. During his lifetime, he left behind standard ways of thinking of language in the nineteenth century, and began to lay foundations for the scientific study of language. After his death in 1913, Saussure's students put together and published the "Cours de Linguistique Générale", compiled from notes from a series of lectures which he gave between 1907 and 1910. In these 'Cours', Saussure introduced several new and revolutionary dichotomies. These were: value against signification, form against substance, synchrony against diachrony, and langue against parole. To illustrate these new concepts, he...

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