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Crime Control Versus Due Process Criminal justice systems are regarded as having two functions, or are supposed to 'deliver' two 'outputs': on the one hand the effective management and control of criminality and on the other, justice. These two 'outputs' do not necessarily co-exist smoothly. Concentration on delivering justice does not necessarily enhance the ability of criminal justice institutions to deliver effective crime control and vice versa. Therefore particular agencies or policies may gravitate towards one or other of these outputs. This is sometimes seen as the contrast between a 'due process' or a 'crime control' orientation At the present time there is considerable debate about both the crime control efficiency of the criminal justice system (falling clear up rates for crime, problems of dealing with organised crime etc.) and also its capacity to deliver justice (criticism of proposals to restrict jury trials, the tendency toward 'pre-emptive criminalisation'...

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