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Discuss the ideas about the responsibilities of the individual that these three examples might be used to illustrate. The relatively new notions of the individual and society emerged in the Enlightenment of the 18th century, an era of transition from a world dominated by classical thought, institutional religion, and the aristocracy, to one that was increasingly secular, scientific, and sceptical (Block 3, pg. 166)1. A prominent exponent of these ideas, Jean Jacques Rousseau discusses these novel notions in his seminal work of 1762, 'The Social Contract'; therefore, to gain an understanding of the responsibilities of the individual as illustrated by the given examples, it is necessary to consider Rousseau's ideas of freedom and society as outlined in the 'Social Contract', which can then be contrasted to the paintings by Jacques-Louis David and Caspar David Friedrich. Rousseau's notion of realised humanity centres on freedom. Indeed, his famous declaration that, "Man is born free,...

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