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Define the grammatical function hierarchy, and discuss any evidence that motivates it.
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Define the grammatical function hierarchy, and discuss any evidence that motivates it. In linguistics, a great deal of work revolves around phrase structure and comprehension of that phrase structure: 'decoding' it, if you will. This is something that concerns many different linguistic specialists, from syntacticians to translators, and in order to examine the phrase structure (noun phrase {NP}, verb phrase {VP} etc.) it is vital to understand the elements that make up such a phrase structure and how they interact with one another. These elements are known as grammatical functions, and they refer to syntactic relationships between parts of speech, such as subject, object, adjunct and complement (as distinct from the semantic notions of agent and patient). Grammatical functions determine the semantic roles and pragmatic functions of the noun phrase, as well as governing sentence structure and dictating constraints. Grammatical functions are essentially labels of relations in a network, and many grammarians...
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