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Counter-Reformation or Catholic Reformation? Which term do you think is most appropriate?
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Counter-Reformation or Catholic Reformation? Which term do you think is most appropriate? This essay is a response to the question of whether the Catholic reform movement that predated Lutheran reforms and had its roots in the mid-fourteenth century was of greater importance for the recovery of the Catholic Church in the wake of the Reformation than direct reaction to the Protestant Reformation itself. Clerical absenteeism, nepotism, clerical ignorance and immorality abounded within the clergy at all levels of the Church, but they had not been suddenly introduced. Gregory VII (1078-85), Innocent III (1198-1216) and Boniface VIII (1294-1303) had made claims about Papal Infallibility that effectively gave them mastery over all of Christendom, and it was with some success that Innocent III in particular pursued this claim. However, the Great Schism destroyed the Church's image and some claims of the Popes were discredited by the appearance of multiple claimants to the Papal throne....
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