No manager can perform his task well if only considering the internal environment.
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Introduction There is no manager can perform his task well if only considering the internal environment. Effective managers will constantly scan the factors outside the organization, in order to have a well understanding of and be responsible to a number of different external environment factors that influence their areas of operations. Having recognized the importance of external environment, every time managers make plans, they will take every single element of external environments into account. However, this paper tries to find out what the major external environments are, and explain how maritime organizations deal with these external environment in which they operate. Main Body The external environment was clearly defined by Bartol & Martin (1994), as the major forces outside the organization that have the potential to significantly influence the likely success of products or services. It is just the context in which the organizations operate. From this definition, it can be seen...


