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Theories of motivation.
Member rating: No Rating | Words: | Submitted: Tue Sep 16 2003
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Motivation is one of the elements which can result in different behaviours, so as Robbins (1991) mentioned that motivation [i]s the willingness to exert high levels of effort toward organizational goals, conditioned by the effort's ability to satisfy some individual need. Therefore, the power of motivation can not be ignored in work environment. The proper usage of motivation theory can improve the productivity. Theories of motivation can be divided into two types: content theories and process theories. They are focus on the same needs of individuals and the different needs of individuals respectively. Expectancy theory is the one of process theories. In this article, we would like to discuss the practical usefulness of expectancy theory. In 1968, American psychologist Edward C. Tolman created expectancy theory firstly, and then Victor H. Vroom formulated the expectancy theory of work motivation, based on three concepts: valence, instrumentality and expectancy. (Huczynski & Buchanan, 2001). Vroom...
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