The OECD labour market has undergone major changes over the past two decades.
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1. Introduction The OECD labour market has undergone major changes over the past two decades. The most evident of these changes is the rise in the number of job seekers: in 1997, there were more than thirty five million people unemployed in the OECD area as a whole, some six million more than in the mid-1980's. In the major European countries, unemployment has increased dramatically over the past two decades and, in some of them, including Italy, Spain and France, increases that were initially cyclical have tended to become structural over time (Table 1). More recently, other countries, including Finland and Sweden have experienced drastic increases in the number of job seekers in the 1990's after a long period of low unemployment. The rather gloomy picture of many continental European economies contrasts with the experience of some non-European countries, which have managed to keep unemploymend at low levels (e.g. Japan)...

