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Citizen Participation in Technological Risk Management Decision.  

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Citizen Participation in Technological Risk Management Decision From theory to application Recently the need of citizen direct engagement has become more crucial than ever. Citizen engagement is seen as a means to involve the public in government decision-making. Obstacles exist, however, in the form of resource availability, and in the lack of confidence exhibited by citizens in governments today. Specific to communication based on science is the fact that the public no longer regards science advice as "certain" and on the other hand experts do not evaluate citizens' opinion as they think that the public may not understand mathematical probabilities. As a result, the public and regulators commonly arrive at different understandings of risk (Fiorino, 1989). The food crisis in the UK has provided an important message to governments worldwide about the necessity of public participation. One of the challenges of implementing this philosophy is the need for a culture shift...

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