Charles Darwin.
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Charles Darwin British scientist, who laid the foundation of modern evolutionary theory with his concept of the development of all forms of life through the slow-working process of natural selection. His work has been of major influence on the life and Earth sciences and on modern thought in general. Born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, on February 12, 1809, Darwin was the fifth child of a wealthy and sophisticated family. His maternal grandfather was the successful china and pottery entrepreneur Josiah Wedgwood; his paternal grandfather was the well-known 18th-century doctor, poet, and savant Erasmus Darwin. His father was a successful provincial physician with a dominant personality; his mother died when Charles was only eight, after which time he was looked after by his elder sisters. Known as a rather ordinary student, Darwin left Shrewsbury School in 1825 and went to the University of Edinburgh to study medicine. Finding himself squeamish at the sight of...

