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Physiological and Biomechanical Aspects of the Knee Joint
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Physiological and Biomechanical Aspects of the Knee Joint The knee joint is the most complex and largest joint in the body (Tortora & Grabowski 2000). The joint is comprised of four bones, which form four joints (Engebretsen, Muellner, La Prade, Wentorf, Tariq, Wang, Stone & Woo, 2003). The femur is a long bone and is the largest and strongest in the body (Gray, 2002), its femoral head articulates with acetabulum to form the hip joint (Gray 1980). The end of the bone consists of the femoral condyles, which articulate with the patella and tibia (Segal & Jacob, 1983). The patella articulates anterior to the femur and tibia, it protects the front of the knee (Tortora & Grabowski 2000). It also causes the quadriceps to act at a greater angle and increases its leverage (Gray, 2002). The tibia commences proximally at the tibial plateau and extends distally to articulate at the ankle...
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