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Temperament & Child Development Contents Introduction 1 What Is Temperament? 2 Temperament versus Personality 2 Definitions of Temperament 2 Studies on Temperament 3 Nature-Nurture 3 Relationships and Child Temperament 3 Temperament and culture 3 Discussion 5 Nature-Nurture 5 Relationships and Child Temperament 6 Temperament & Culture 7 Conclusion 8 References 8 Introduction What are the elements that affect the temperament of a child? Why are there cross-cultural differences in children's temperament? All cultures attempt to modify their children's behaviour to help their child to 'fit in'. Psychologists like Sigmund Freud (Kagan, 1998) believed that it is primarily the environment that shapes the child's behaviour. Bates (1989) argues that a child's temperament is intrinsic and is part of the child's biological make-up. Several now adays agree that it are more likely to be both Nature AND Nurture (Satcher, 1999). But how does this all affect our children's development? Whether its nature, nature or both - Temperament affects how the parent views their child, how the world views the child, and how the child views themselves. This essay will attempt to explore all these issues...

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