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"Define and evaluate the theories of long term and short term memories." 1) Long term memory Definition The term long-term memory is somewhat of a catch-all phrase because it can refer to facts learned a few minutes ago, personal memories many decades old, or skills learned with practice. Generally, however, long-term memory describes a system in the brain that can store vast amounts of information on a relatively enduring basis. Theories of Long Term Memory General theories of memory, which are based on performance on memory tasks, incorporate constraints on storage and retrieval that are assumed to apply to any type of activity. When investigators began studying more complex cognitive processes, such as problem solving, decision making, and concept formation, the models they developed had to be consistent with these theories. An adequate model of performance in a task had to specify the relevant background knowledge and skills subjects had as well as sequences of processes that did not...

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