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Cognitive Psychology What is cognitive psychology? Cognitive psychology is a general approach to psychology emphasizing the internal mental processes. To the cognitive psychologist behaviour is not specifiable simply in terms of its overt properties but requires explanations at the level of mental events, mental representations, beliefs, intentions, etc. Although the cognitive approach is often contrasted sharply with the behaviourist approach it is not necessarily the case that cognitivists are anti-behaviouristic. Rather, behaviourism is viewed as seriously incomplete as a general theory, one which fails to provide any coherent characterisation of cognitive processes like thinking, language, decision making, etc. unlike the behaviourists, the cognitive approach does not put forward a single body of theory and no single theorist has predominated the development of the approach (although Piaget and Bruner are two of the better known theorists.) In the late 1950s, may British and American psychologists began looking to the work of computer scientists to...

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