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Attention By Mary Gani Attention can be defined as the tendency of an individual to observe a selected feature or features in their environment. It is divided into two categories: focused and divided attention. Focused attention is the type of concentration in which certain information is registered while others are rejected, whether information enters consciously or not. Divided attention is the amount of information, which can be processed at a given time. Eysenk (1984) identified two basic experimental techniques used to study attention. To investigate focused attention, Eysenk distinguished the auditory attention technique. The most popular method is shadowing. This is when participants are given 2 messages simultaneously, and are required to repeat the information they have attained. To investigate divided attention, Eysenk distinguished the dual-task technique. This is when attention is deliberately divided, and participants are assessed by their performance. One of the earliest studies of focused attention involved the cocktail-party...

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