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Proteins are used in the cell for a variety of reasons. They may have a structural or a functional role, or they may act as enzymes controlling cell metabolism
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PROTEIN SYNTHESIS Proteins are used in the cell for a variety of reasons. They may have a structural or a functional role, or they may act as enzymes controlling cell metabolism. Protein synthesis is a very complex process; therefore it is necessary to understand the structures of DNA and RNA which are involved in the process of protein synthesis. DNA and RNA are nucleic acids formed from nucleotides. Individual nucleotides are comprised of three parts: * Phosphoric acid (Phosphate H3PO4). This has the same structure in all nucleotides. * Pentose sugar: These are of two types - Ribose (which occurs in RNA) and Deoxyribose (which occurs in DNA) * Organic bases: There are five different bases which are divided into two groups - Pyrimidines - these are single rings with six sides. i.e., cytosine, thymine and uracil. Purines - these are double rings comprising a six-sided and a five-sided ring, i.e.,...
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