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Carly Brooks 29 November 2002 DNA amplification by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Brief introduction to modern PCR The amplification of a segment of DNA can be achieved using PCR resulting in multiple copies of the target sequence. This occurs in a three-stage cycle consisting of denaturation, annealing and extension from primers, the product of which increases exponentially because the number of new DNA strands is doubled in each cycle. The process is an enzymatic reaction and includes the following components; two oligodeoxynucleotide primers, each binding to a strand of template DNA, a thermostable DNA polymerase able to work at the high and varied temperatures required during PCR and four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTP), used to extend the primers. History behind PCR PCR, invented in 1985 by Kary Mullis who received a Nobel Prize for the discovery in 1993, first utilised the Klenow fragment of E. coli DNA polymerase I for the reaction (Klug and...

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