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All particles are in constant motion. In solid particles (ions, molecules, atoms etc) vibrate. In liquids they move more easily, while in gases they move randomly. Particles have a natural tendency to move from areas of their higher concentrations to areas of their lower concentrations. This is called 'DIFFUSION'; it is a passive process and does not need the use of energy. How quickly it happens depend on the difference between concentrations. OSMOSIS is a special case of diffusion where only water molecules are involved. It is the movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential across a PARTIALLY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE (1). Partially permeable membranes allow only small particles to flow through them. Living cells' membranes possess the same characteristics to control exchange of materials for their survival. The task is to find out the water potential of potato. This can...

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