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Word count = 2,298 What role do youth subcultures play in initiating and sustaining deviant behaviour? In order to investigate the role that youth subcultures play in initiating and sustaining deviant behaviour it is firstly important to examine what is meant by the term 'youth subcultures'. The word 'culture' is used by Clarke et al (Hall & Jefferson, 1976) to refer to the "level at which social groups develop distinct patterns of life, and give expressive form to their social and material life-experience." The word 'subculture' suggests that there is a separate entity within the larger society with which the larger society must contend. Brake defines 'subcultures' as "meaning systems, modes of expression or life styles developed by groups in subordinate structural positions in response to dominant meaning systems, and which reflect their attempt to solve structural contradictions rising from the wider societal context" (Brake, http://www.sonlifeafrica.com/model/subcult1.htm). For Brake membership of a...

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