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What part did the development of mechanical means of contraception play in the late nineteenth century decline in fertility?  

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What part did the development of mechanical means of contraception play in the late nineteenth century decline in fertility? In the late nineteenth century there was a marked decline in the birth rate. This coincided with mechanical means of contraception becoming widely available for the first time. It is tempting, therefore , to see this as the main cause of the decline in fertility, but it is important to question whether this was the only - or even the main -cause. To begin with, contraception was practised long before the decline in fertility began. Three types of contraception - abortion, coitus interruptus and abstinence - have existed for hundreds of years. Although they were available, however, they were not effective as a mass means of birth control. . Coitus interruptus and abstinence have obvious disadvantages which limited their effectiveness. Abortion was illegal in Britain until quite recently so we do not...

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