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Psychology Essay Discuss psychological research into the factors that influence gender roles (24 marks) Numerous theories have been proposed in accounting for the development of gender roles in children. Three theories are; Cognitive, Social Learning Theory and Bio-psychological theories. Kohlberg put forward a cognitive developmental theory of gender-role development, which is made up of three stages; Gender Identity, Gender Stability and Gender Constancy. Kohlberg believed that before children acquire gender roles they must realise that gender is fixed and superficial changes in appearance or activities do not alter gender. Slaby and Frey (1975) showed that 5yr old children, rating high on gender consistency, would pay more attention to a film on same sex models than children rated low. In addition, Ruble, Balaban and Cooper (1981) found that when preschoolers rated high or low on gender constancy watched television adverts in which toys were being represented as either suitable for girls or boys,...

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