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Briefly distinguish between act and rule utilitarianism. Two people brought about act utilitarianism. First, Jeremy Bentham who is said that "an action is right if it produces the greatest good for the greatest number." Bentham thought that if you got more pleasure from an action than pain then it was alright to do it e.g. (if 10 people got pleasure out of an innocent man dying then that action would be just according to Bentham's rule). John Stewart Mill was the second man to talk about act utilitarianism, however he believed that it wasn't the amount of pleasure you get it's the quality of pleasure that mattered the most. Mill also thought that pleasures of the mind mattered more than pleasures of the body. So reading classical literature would generate more pleasure than playing sports and writing a poem would produce greater pleasure than dancing. Act utilitarianism is based on the...

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