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Investigation into a driving test By Declan Gervin I downloaded the following database from the Internet. Number of Number of Gender 1 hour lessons minor mistakes Instructor Day Time M 8 13 A Mon 17.00 M 9 9 A Wed 9.00 M 14 10 A Fri 13.00 F 15 11 A Mon 9.00 F 15 15 A Tue 15.00 F 15 12 A Mon 14.00 F 20 8 A Wed 10.00 F 20 14 A Fri 9.00 F 20 19 A Mon 13.00 M 20 11 A Fri 9.00 M 20 12 A Thur 14.00 M 20 19 A Fri 9.00 M 20 8 A Mon 10.00 F 8 10 A Wed 10.00 F 10 1 A Thur 9.00 F 10 14 A Thur 10.00 F 11 3 A Fri 13.00 F 13 14 A Wed 13.00 M 15 14 A Mon 15.00 M 15 9 A Fri 10.00 M 16 14 A Wed 17.00 M 17 10 A Fri 11.00 F 23 5 A Mon 9.00 F 25 6 A Mon 15.00 F 27 5 A Fri 14.00 M 18 16 A Fri 13.00 M 19 9 A Thur 10.00 M 19 13 A Mon 12.00 F 15 11 A Wed 9.00 F 15 9 A Mon 16.00 F 19 13 A Fri 16.00 F 22 14 A Thur 16.00 M 24 5 A Mon 17.00 M 25 4 A Fri 10.00 M 26 3 A Wed 17.00 M 27 2 A Tue 17.00 F 16 15 A Mon 12.00 F 17 16 A Wed 10.00 M 21 8 A Thur 16.00 M 22 7 A Thur 17.00 F 5 27 A Fri 14.00 F 30 12 A Fri 10.00 F 11 7 A Mon 16.00 M 17 8 A Tue 15.00 F 12 13 A Thur 17.00 M 8 31 A Wed 10.00 M 6 23 A Mon 11.00 F 23 14 A Wed 14.00 M 9 19 A Thur 12.00 F 16 17 A Fri 9.00 M 14 8 A Fri 17.00 M 19 6 A Fri 14.00 F 26 9 A Fri 16.00 F 31 7 A Tue 12.00 F 14 17 A Tue 11.00 M 18 19 A Thur 14.00 M 21 20 A Fri 17.00 F 11 14 A Wed 15.00 F 6 27 A Wed 10.00 M 13 17 A Fri 16.00 M 24 9 B Fri 13.00 M 13 28 B Mon 12.00 M 32 B Fri 11.00 F 10 22 B Fri 16.00 F 12 33 B Thur 14.00 F 17 19 B Fri 12.00 F 23 3 B Wed 11.00 F 13 19 B Fri 10.00 F 26 26 B Mon 11.00 M 31 1 B Fri 13.00 M 40 15 B Thur 12.00 M 19 16 B Thur 15.00 M 10 30 B Mon 13.00 F 24 B Wed 16.00 F 30 15 B Mon 11.00 F 18 19 B Fri 10.00 F 17 5 B Tue 10.00 F 30 24 B Fri 12.00 M 15 24 B Wed 13.00 M 34 6 B Wed 16.00 M 20 15 B Tue 17.00 M 20 15 B Mon 16.00 F 39 23 B Wed 17.00 F 23 10 B Wed 13.00 F 11 17 B Tue 10.00 M 16 21 B Mon 16.00 M 17 19 B Thur 12.00 M 15 22 B Tue 12.00 F 34 3 B Tue 15.00 F 14 17 B Wed 10.00 F 27 12 B Thur 15.00 F 36 28 B Wed 13.00 M 23 12 B Fri 14.00 M 40 11 B Fri 9.00 M 31 1 B Mon 14.00 M 30 3 B Tue 11.00 F 27 5 B Wed 11.00 F 27 27 B Fri 12.00 M 21 15 B Tue 9.00 M 29 4 B Thur 17.00 F 31 19 B Thur 12.00 F 15 10 B Fri 11.00 F 18 21 B Thur 17.00 M 40 7 B Thur 12.00 F 38 13 B Mon 17.00 M 37 6 B Mon 16.00 M 39 9 B Mon 11.00 F 21 14 B Wed 11.00 M 20 21 B Wed 15.00 F 29 24 B Fri 11.00 M 16 22 B Fri 11.00 M 25 10 B Wed 9.00 F 19 29 B Fri 17.00 F 29 5 B Mon 15.00 F 22 5 B Thur 15.00 M 22 14 B Tue 11.00 M 31 4 B Thur 12.00 F 39 B Tue 16.00 F 29 23 B Mon 15.00 M 13 26 B Wed 15.00 M 24 11 B Thur 9.00 M 32 B Fri 16.00 M 32 6 B Fri 14.00 F 26 19 B Mon 12.00 F 23 20 B Tue 16.00 F 20 28 B Tue 13.00 F 15 34 B Tue 10.00 F 21 32 B Thur 13.00 F 13 9 B Fri 11.00 M 27 1 B Thur 9.00 M 34 9 B Tue 13.00 M 17 17 B Wed 15.00 M 24 B Wed 10.00 F 22 30 B Thur 9.00 F 32 20 B Wed 13.00 F 28 34 B Fri 14.00 F 25 32 B Thur 13.00 F 14 17 B Tue 10.00 M 12 B Fri 10.00 M 15 21 B Mon 13.00 M 17 17 B Mon 17.00 M 14 22 B Thur 17.00 F 16 9 B Wed 16.00 F 34 16 B Thur 9.00 F 18 14 B Fri 11.00 M 10 29 B Fri 11.00 M 14 22 B Thur 17.00 M 34 9 B Thur 17.00 F 31 32 B Wed 13.00 F 26 32 B Tue 15.00 F 38 26 B Tue 10.00 F 12 17 B Mon 15.00 M 39 B Mon 14.00 M 25 5 B Fri 10.00 M 29 1 B Thur 11.00 M 29 1 B Tue 10.00 F 31 33 B Thur 13.00 F 17 28 B Thur 14.00 M 30 3 B Fri 14.00 M 23 8 B Mon 9.00 F 28 15 C Wed 14.00 F 39 C Mon 17.00 F 23 21 C Tue 13.00 M 16 24 C Fri 9.00 F 20 25 C Fri 12.00 M 10 27 C Thur 13.00 M 14 32 C Thur 15.00 F 19 26 C Mon 11.00 M 40 2 C Fri 11.00 F 16 30 C Fri 10.00 M 14 C Fri 13.00 M 16 C Mon 10.00 F 11 32 C Thur 17.00 F 12 23 C Tue 16.00 F 22 21 C Mon 11.00 M 35 5 C Wed 14.00 M 16 27 C Mon 13.00 F 28 14 C Mon 11.00 F 29 13 C Fri 15.00 M 10 34 C Thur 9.00 M 40 4 C Thur 13.00 M 20 31 C Tue 9.00 M 32 10 C Fri 11.00 F 36 4 C Mon 10.00 F 36 3 C Fri 17.00 F 16 C Fri 14.00 F 13 31 C Mon 12.00 F 29 13 C Thur 11.00 F 27 16 C Tue 12.00 M 35 6 C Tue 11.00 M 25 19 C Thur 11.00 M 18 27 C Thur 14.00 M 35 4 C Thur 14.00 F 20 27 C Wed 11.00 F 38 2 C Fri 14.00 F 36 5 C Wed 13.00 F 26 17 C Thur 10.00 F 36 4 C Fri 15.00 M 40 5 C Fri 15.00 M 29 13 C Mon 11.00 M 32 13 D Mon 14.00 M 22 9 D Fri 13.00 F 40 19 D Fri 17.00 F 30 D Tue 13.00 F 11 36 D Thur 13.00 M 40 4 D Fri 14.00 M 29 25 D Tue 11.00 M 38 10 D Mon 17.00 F 31 24 D Mon 17.00 F 24 28 D Mon 10.00 F 16 33 D Thur 13.00 F 18 32 D Fri 12.00 M 26 25 D Thur 12.00 M 26 27 D Thur 15.00 M 30 23 D Wed 9.00 M 18 D Fri 13.00 F 19 31 D Thur 17.00 F 27 26 D Tue 9.00 M 17 30 D Mon 15.00 M 27 29 D Thur 16.00 F 32 23 D Mon 14.00 F 30 25 D Thur 9.00 F 32 23 D Fri 14.00 M 40 21 D Mon 9.00 F 18 30 D Mon 17.00 M 15 35 D Wed 14.00 M 29 23 D Tue 15.00 F 32 17 D Fri 14.00 M 25 28 D Thur 9.00 F 17 31 D Wed 13.00 M 28 26 D Tue 12.00 M 29 27 D Thur 12.00 F 31 24 D Thur 13.00 F 37 18 D Mon 14.00 F 14 34 D Tue 13.00 M 40 19 D Tue 9.00 M 28 24 D Fri 9.00 F 39 20 D Thur 9.00 F 10 37 D Thur 10.00 M 40 20 D Wed 16.00 By looking through the data there seems to be an awful lot of entries. I will now draw a stem and leaf diagram for the number of minor mistakes against frequency. The stem and leaf diagram is shown overleaf. 0 4,9,8,8,1,3,9,5,6,5,9,9,5,4,3,2,8,7,7,8,8,6,9,7,9,3,1,5,6,0,3,3,5,7,6,9,5,5,4,6,9,1,9,9,9,5, 1,1,3,8,2,5,4,4,3,6,4,2,5,4,5,9,4 1 2,2,7,9,7,5,5,9,5,6,5,9,1,3,0,1,5,2,4,9,1,2,9,0,4,4,4,4,0,6,3,1,3,4,5,6,2,3,4,9,7,7,9,4,7,9 5,9,0,3,4,6,4,1,9,7,7,6,4,7,5,4,3,0,3,6,9,7,3,3,9,6,7,8,9 2 7,3,0,7,8,2,6,4,4,3,1,2,8,7,4,4,7,6,8,3,1,3,5,6,0,0,1,1,4,2,9,3,6,0,8,6,2,9,2,6,8,1,4,5,7,6 3,1,7,7,7,5,4,8,5,7,3,9,3 3 1,3,6,7,4,2,0,4,2,2,2,3,2,0,2,4,1,1,6,3,2,1,0,0,5,1,4 4 I am now going to test some hypotheses using the stem and leaf diagram. Hypothesis 1: Men perform better than females in the driving test. For this hypothesis I would like to narrow down the number of entries. The steps I will take to do this are as follows.> Sort the original database by gender (it's already been sorted by instructor)> Insert a column at the start i.e. before the gender column numbering each group, e.g. instructor A, males, 1-29 etc. From sorting out this data I can now make out the following table. Instructor A Instructor...

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