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Part A) Magistrates have a large range of duties, but they are mainly connected to criminal cases, totaling more than two million cases a year. However, Lay Magistrates deal with some civil cases; these tend to be family cases. Out of all criminal cases, 97% of them are dealt with by Lay Magistrates and in the other 3%, Lay Magistrates will hear the preliminary hearings, such as Early Administrative Hearings, and some Committal proceedings. To hear family cases including protection orders such as the protection against violence there is a special panel of Magistrates. Lay Magistrates will also decide bail after a suspected offender has been arrested and charged. The defendant may be released on bail by the police, but it is otherwise the magistrates' duty to decide whether he should be bailed or remanded in custody pending trial. In a summary trial the magistrates are the sole judges of fact and...

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