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5. (a.) What is "Socialism with Chinese Characteristics"? (b.) What achievements did the PRC make and what problems did she face in her socialist construction of modernization after 1978? (a.) In December, 1978, The CPC announced a shift in policy. The focus of work would change from proletarian move and class struggle to economic development and socialist modernization. This marked the new era of "Reform and Openness". China became a socialist state after 1956. However, the socialism in China is different form the one described in Marxism. It was merely absolute equalitarianism in an agrarian society with low productivity and insufficient capitalist economic development. Then in 1982, Deng proposed the idea of "Socialism with Chinese Characteristics", pointing out China was in the "primary stage of socialism". The major ideas of "Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" are as follows: Firstly, being in the primary stage of socialism, China need about 100 years to accomplish socialist modernization, meaning...

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