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Kathryn Nicholson What is temperament? Temperament is a person's characteristic mood, sensitivity to stimulation, and energy level. These mood related personality characteristics constitute early building blocks for an individual's later personality. Describe one way in which temperament has been studied. In 1984 Arnold Buss and Robert Plomin studied monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins in relation to temperament. They used three dimensions of behaviour which were emotionality, activity, and sociability. The term emotionality means how easily a person becomes very upset. The more upset a person becomes the harder it is for them to calm down. Activity is how much energy a person puts into their activity. A person with high activity levels will, for example, talk rapidly and move around a lot. By sociability we mean how much a person wants to be with others. Someone scoring high on sociability will prefer to spend time as they seem to need the interaction. ...

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