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The Factors that form soil Soil is initially the build up of unconsolidated material this material is known as regolith. The regolith may be derived from either weathering of bedrock or from material that has been transported and deposited. This may consist of alluvium, moraine and volcanic ash or lava. The second stage of soil formation is when something called true soil or topsoil results from the addition of water, gases, biota and decayed organic matter. Pedologists (People who study soils) have identified five main factors that contributed to the formation of soil they are all connected and can form certain types of soil. One of the main factors that is involved in the creation of soil is parent material. As I said early this is where soil develops from an underlying rock. The rock type usually makes a large difference to the soils colour, depth, texture, drainage and mineral content (nutrients) thus...

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