Classical Conditioning

... Classical Conditioning At the turn of the century, the great Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov was studying salivation in dogs as part of a research program on digestion. His work would shortly win him the Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine. One of Pavlov's procedures was to make a surgical opening in a dog's cheek and insert a tube that conducted saliva away from the animal's salivary gland so that the saliva could be measured. To stimulate the reflexive flow of saliva, Pavlov placed meat powder or other food in the dog's mouth. This procedure was later refined by others, who used an apparatus in which salivation was measured by the movement of a needle on a revolving drum. Pavlov was a truly dedicated scientific observer; many years later, as he lay dying, he even dictated his sensations for posterity! And he imbued his students with the same kind of attention to

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