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Year: 2nd (first semester) Date: 2nd Dec 2002 How many ways can you make an alkene? 1 Introducing the alkene: Alkenes (or olefins, olefines in old-fashioned parlance) - unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. In IUPAC nomenclature alkenes have the -ene suffix. The mono-unsaturated alkenes ethene, propene, butene . . form a homologous series with the general formula CnH2n. As an example of ethylene, each of the carbon atoms is sp2-hybridized, and the double bond possesses a ? component and a ? component. Homologues with n greater than or equal to 4 exhibit geometric isomerism (E-Z national system). The physical properties of alkenes: the dipole moments of most alkenes are quite small, a methyl group releases electrons to a double bond in much the same way that it releases electrons to the positively charged carbon of a carbocation-by an inductive effect and by hyperconjugation. In...

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