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Cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules are converted to simpler molecules by the breaking of carbon-carbon bonds in the precursors.
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DEFINITION Cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules are converted to simpler molecules by the breaking of carbon-carbon bonds in the precursors. The rate of cracking and the end products are strongly dependent on the temperature and presence of any catalysts. APPLICATIONS There are different types of cracking that can be done in different industries. In an oil refinery cracking processes allow the production of light products from heavier crude oil distillation fractions and residues. Fluid Catalytic Cracking produces a high yield of petrol-fuel while Hydro-cracking is a major source of jet fuel and petrol derivatives. Thermal cracking is currently used to "upgrade" very heavy fractions or to produce light fractions or distillates, burner fuel and/or petroleum coke. Two extremes of the thermal cracking in terms of product range are represented by the high-temperature process called steam cracking which produces valuable ethylene and other feed-stocks for the petrochemical industry, and the milder-temperature...
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