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Throughout the nineteenth century many scientists attempted to classify the chemical elements according to their physical and chemical properties using patterns and mathematical formulae to correlate the properties of different elements.
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Open-Book Paper 2004 Throughout the nineteenth century many scientists attempted to classify the chemical elements according to their physical and chemical properties using patterns and mathematical formulae to correlate the properties of different elements. In 1829 German chemist Johann Döbereiner proposed the Law of Triads - Nature contains triads of elements where the middle element has properties that are an average of the other two members of the triad when ordered by the atomic weight1. Element Ca Sr Ba Atomic Mass 40.1 87.6 137 Density g/cm3 1.55 2.6 3.5 Table showing a triad and their properties 2 e.g. Ca 40.1 + Ba 137 = 177.1 177.1 × 0.5 = 88.55 Sr = 87.6 Research into Döbereiner's Triads revealed that these chemical relationships extended beyond the triad. e.g. the halogen group triad of chlorine, bromine and iodine was extended to include fluorine which shared similar chemical properties. In 1863 London born John Newlands devised a Law of Octaves - Any given element will exhibit analogous behaviour to the eighth element following...
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