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The Sub-atomic particles
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Foundation Chemistry The Sub-atomic particles Atoms are made of three main particles: protons, neutrons and electrons.> The protons and neutrons form the nucleus, in the centre of the atom> Protons and neutrons are sometimes called nucleons, because they are found in the nucleus.> The electrons surround the nucleus Properties of the sub-atomic particles PROPERTY PROTON NEUTRON ELECTRON Mass/kg 1.673 x 10 -27 1.675 x 10-27 0.911x 10-30 (very nearly 0) Charge/C (Coulombs) +1.602x10-19 0 -1.602 x10-19 Position In the nucleus In the nucleus Around the nucleus These numbers are extremely small. In practice we use relative masses and charges. Relative atomic mass, Ar The relative atomic mass of an element is the average mass of the naturally occurring isotopes of the element relative to the mass of an atom of 12C (one atom of carbon 12 is given a relative atomic mass of exactly 12) ATOMIC NUMBER, Z=NUMBER OF PROTONS=NUMBER OF ELECTRONS Relative Isotopic mass The relative isotopic mass is the mass of an isotope of an element relative to the mass of an atom...
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