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Revision of Chemical Bonding Bonding occurs between elements in order that they can obtain stable 'full shell' (noble gas) electron configurations. Types of bonding: ionic, covalent, metallic Ionic Bonding Transfer of electrons to create charged particles called ions Ionic compounds contain positive and negative ions whose charges balance. Usually found in compounds that contain metals combined with non-metals - electrons are transferred from the metals (to leave positive metal ions) to the non-metals (to create negative ions). e.g. sodium chloride NaCl e.g. magnesium chloride MgCl2 (simplified diagram - only outer shells shown) The ions are held together by the strong electrostatic attraction between opposite charges. In the solid they form giant regular structures called lattices. Greater charges generally means stronger forces, so MgO (Mg2+ O2-) has a higher melting point than NaCl. Properties of ionic compounds: Usually solid at room temperature with high melting points and boiling points. Usually hard Usually soluble in water Do not conduct electricity when solid, but can when molten or...

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