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Diamond Diamond comes from the Greek word adamao, which was used to describe the hardest substance known. Diamonds form about 100 miles (161 km) below the Earth's surface, in the molten rock of the Earth's mantle, which provides the right amounts of pressure and heat to transform carbon into a diamond. In order for a diamond to be created, carbon must be placed under at least 435,000 pounds per square inch of pressure at a temperature of at least 400ºC. If conditions drop below either of these two points, graphite will be created. Because of this, most diamonds that we see today were formed millions or even billions of years ago. Powerful magma eruptions brought the diamonds to the surface, creating kimberlite pipes. The magma inside the kimberlite pipes acts like an elevator, pushing the diamonds and other rocks and minerals through the mantle and crust in just a...

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