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Chemical Bonding Why compounds are formed: Most elements form compounds. Except the noble gases because the noble gases have full outer shells. The atoms of all other elements have incomplete outer shells. That is why they react: By reacting with each other, atoms can obtain full outer shells and so become stable. The atoms of some elements can obtain full shells by losing or gaining electrons, when they react with other atoms. Ions: Any atom becomes an ion if it loses or gains electrons. An ion is a charged. It is charged because it contains an unequal number of protons and electrons. The Ionic Bond: When two ions have opposite charges, they attract each other. The force of attraction between them is strong. It is called an ionic bond, or sometimes an electrovalent bond. Sodium chloride is made of ions so it is called an ionic compound. Sodium is a metal, and chlorine is a...

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