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Alkanes, Cracking and Alkenes Alkanes Saturated Hydrocarbon (A hydrocarbon compound is a compound made of hydrogen and carbon only.) 1) Methane - CH4 (Four single bonds between the carbon (C) and the four hydrogen's (H).) 2) Ethane - C2H6 3) Propane - C3H8 4) Butane - C4H10 5) Pentane - C5H12 6) Hexane - C6H14 7) Heptane - C7H16 8) Octane - C8H18 9) Nanane - C9H20 10) Decane - C10H22 Physical Properties C 1 - C 4 As the number of carbon atoms increase Gases the boiling and melting points also increase. C 5 - C 10 Liquid C 11 + Solid Cracking In the process of 'Cracking', heat breaks bonds between carbon atoms into smaller atoms and it is used to maximise a particular fraction in crude oil As petrol is more needed and most valuable, to increase the fraction of petrol, cracking is used. Such as when Decane is cracked. Which gives us Octane (C8H18), which is saturated because it has four single bonds and Ethene (C2H4), which is...

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