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GAS EXCHANGE IN DIFFERENT ORGANISMS Gas exchange in mesophytes Gases enter and leave plants mainly through the stomata in the leaves and the lenticles in stems. The main gas exchange surface is the spongy mesophyll layer found inside the leaves.. The spongy mesophyll cells are loosely packed thus increasing the surface area for gas exchange. Gases are needed for both respiration and photosynthesis. The spongy mesophyll layer is specially adapted for gas exchange. The cells are coated in a layer of water in which gases can dissolve. The cell walls are thin so reducing the distance for diffusion of gases into the cell. The many widely spaced cells present a large surface area of gas exchange, easily reached by air entering through the stomata. A concentration gradient is maintained due to the rapid diffusion of gases in air. Air enters through the stomata by diffusion; there is no ventilation process. At night, when...

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