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Discuss how the heart and circulatory system maintain a continuous unidirectional flow of blood and how this flow is regulated according to the body's needs.  

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Discuss how the heart and circulatory system maintain a continuous unidirectional flow of blood and how this flow is regulated according to the body's needs. Production of regular pulse - impulse transmission in heart The regular heart beat and pulse is produced by contractions of the heart muscle during the cardiac cycle. These contractions are caused by an electrical stimulus called the cardiac impulse. This natural pacemaker of the heart, called the Sinoatrial node, is located in the Right Atrium. The electrical impulse leaves the Sinoatrial node and travels to the right and left Atria, causing them to contract together. After contraction, there is a period of insensitivity to stimulation which allows the Ventricles to fill with blood. The impulse now at the Atrioventricular node moves to the Bundle of His then divides into the Right and Left Bundle Branches where it spreads, using Purkinje Fibers, to the muscles of the Right...

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