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Caffeine Caffeine has played a central role in many cultures. Coffee was first discovered over 1000 years ago, and approximately 75% of Americans drink coffee on a regular basis. Despite the thousand years that have passed, there is still controversy surrounding the biological effects of coffee and it's primary active ingredient, caffeine. Caffeine is the most widely used stimulant drug in the world, usually ingested in the form of coffee, tea, soft-drinks, and chocolate. (Honig) Caffeine is derived from a bean or from tea leaves and can be found in the seeds or fruits of more then 60 species worldwide.(American Academy) Caffeine has numerous effects and it is disputed whether caffeine is overall beneficial or harmful. Caffeine is a naturally occurring xanthine (precursor to uric acid often found in urine) used as a central nervous system (CNS) and respiratory stimulant, or as a mild diuretic. Other xanthine derivatives include the bronchodilator theophylline...

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