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Altitude training Since the beginning of the twentieth century the effects of altitude on physical performance have been catalogued by mountaineers. The decision was made to hold the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City at the altitude of 2242 metres (7450 feet) resulted in intense physiological research into the human acclimatisation. Sports people who train at high altitude suffer from acute drops in performance in sport that rely on aerobic capacity. This is due to the lack of oxygen. As shown in the diagrams 1a,b, c the oxygen transport system at sea level and at altitude before and after acclimatisation. The amount at which the haemoglobin is saturated with oxygen depends on the partial pressure of the alveolar air. At sea level, the partial pressure of oxygen in the air is sufficient to ensure that the haemoglobin is fully saturated. At altitude, the partial pressure is much less in the atmosphere, therefore resulting...

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