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The effect of windspped on the rates of transpiration of a cactus (xerophyte) and a rose (mesophyte) . Water is transported in the plant through xylem vessels. In order to reach the xylem vessel, it must be taken up by the root hair. The root tip is covered by a tough protective root cap which is not permeable to water. However, behind the root tip are long thin root hairs which absorb water from spaces between soil particles. Water enters the root hairs by osmosis Down a water potential gradient. Soil water has a relatively high water potential. Root hair cell sap has a low water potential due to large quantities of inorganic ions and organic substances. Many plants, especially trees, have fungi located in or on their roots forming associations called myeorrhizas. They act like a mass of fine roots and absorb nutrients, especially phosphates. Once in the root, water...

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